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Elektronisk avfall, ofte kjent som e-avfall, har fått økende oppmerksomhet de siste årene for sin vidtrekkende sosiale, miljømessige og økonomiske virkninger. Med den raske utviklingen av elektroniske enheter og forbrukere som stadig oppgraderer sine elektroniske produkter, Mengden generert e-avfall har økt.
E-avfall kunngjort av EU-kommisjonen inkluderer kassert elektronisk og elektrisk utstyr. Denne typen avfall inkluderer en rekke teknologiske produkter som har overskredet levetiden deres eller er ineffektive. Elektroniske enheter inneholder skadelige elementer og, I motsetning til vanlig søppel generert i byer, De utgjør en stor trussel for økosystemer og menneskers helse.
Mange land, særlig utviklingsland, mangler infrastrukturen for å håndtere og resirkulere e-avfall på riktig måte, som fører til miljø- og helserisiko forårsaket av feil avfallshåndtering. For tiden, many people use dangerous methods such as open burning, landfilling, open dumping, informal dismantling and manual recycling. These practices pose a significant risk to public health. In order to avoid the high cost of proper disposal, many developed countries choose to export e-waste to developing countries such as India and Africa. These countries are currently struggling with the problem of insufficient infrastructure for e-waste management.

Lithium batteries

Because lithium batteries contain a lot of reusable materials:
Lithium: Lithium is a key component of lithium batteries, and recycled lithium can be used to make new lithium batteries. For eksempel, in electric vehicles and portable electronic devices, the recycling and reuse of lithium is essential to reduce raw material costs and ensure the supply of lithium resources.
Cobalt: Many lithium batteries contain cobalt in the positive electrode materials, such as lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO₂). Cobalt is a rare and expensive metal, and recycled cobalt can be reused in the battery manufacturing industry, reducing dependence on newly mined cobalt resources.
Nickel: Some lithium batteries (such as nickel-cobalt-manganese oxide (NCM) batteries) contain nickel. The recycling of nickel helps to recycle resources, and in the production of new batteries, recycled nickel can meet some of the raw material needs.
Copper and aluminum: Copper and aluminum are usually used in the casing and electrode connection parts of lithium batteries. These metals can be purified through recycling processes and then reused in electronic equipment manufacturing or other industrial uses.

Recycling methods:
Lithium batteries recycling production line Includes steps such as disassembly, crushing and screening. Først, disassemble the waste lithium battery, separate the shell, electrode and other parts, then crush the electrode material, and separate copper, aluminum and other metals by screening and magnetic separation.

Circuit board

Recycled materials:
Precious metals: Circuit boards contain precious metals such as gold, silver, and platinum. Gold is mainly used for pins, contacts and connection parts of some high-precision electronic components on circuit boards because it has good conductivity and corrosion resistance. Sølv brukes ofte i kretskort og noen komponenter som kondensatorer. Disse edle metaller har høy gjenvinningsverdi og kan gjenbrukes i bransjer som produksjon eller smykker av elektronisk komponent.
Ikke-jernholdige metaller: Kobber er det viktigste ikke-jernholdige metallet i kretskort og brukes til å lage kretsløp og koble ledninger av forskjellige elektroniske komponenter. Resirkulert kobber kan brukes til å lage nye ledninger, kabler og elektroniske komponenter. I tillegg, kretskort inneholder også en liten mengde tinn, som hovedsakelig brukes til sveise elektroniske komponenter. Det resirkulerte tinnet kan brukes igjen i produksjonen av sveisematerialer.
Sjeldne metaller: Som tantal, som brukes i noen høyytelses kondensatorer på kretskort. The recycling of tantalum helps meet part of the demand for rare metals in the electronics industry because tantalum resources are relatively scarce.

Circuit board recycling method:
Først, disassemble the circuit board to remove large components, and then break the circuit board into small particles. Then use physical sorting methods such as gravity sorting, magnetic separation and electrostatic sorting to separate different metals and non-metallic materials.

Solar panels

Recyclable materials:
Silicon: Silicon is the main material of photovoltaic panels, especially in crystalline silicon photovoltaic panels. Recycled silicon can be reused in photovoltaic panel manufacturing after purification and other processes, or used in other semiconductor-related industries.
Silver: The electrode part of photovoltaic panels usually contains silver, which is used to collect and conduct current. Recycled silver can be used to make new photovoltaic panel electrodes or conductive parts of other electronic devices.
Aluminum: The frame of photovoltaic panels is usually made of aluminum, and recycled aluminum can be used to make new photovoltaic panel frames or other aluminum products.
Glass: The panel of photovoltaic panels is mainly made of glass. Recycled glass can be used in industries such as architectural glass and automotive glass after cleaning and processing.

How to recycle waste solar panel:
Først, use a frame remover to disassemble the photovoltaic panel and separate components such as glass, aluminum frame and battery cells. After the glass is removed, the photovoltaic panel is crushed with a crusher. The silicon wafers separated from the battery cells are first crushed and ground into smaller particles or powders, and then screened using screening equipment to filter out silicon, copper, and EVA glue.